Micro - celled organisms . Micro - multicellular organisms .

REVIEW .
Micro - celled organisms . Micro - multicellular organisms . ( See Iconography 11 . Bacterium Escherichia coli increase of 10 000 in the electron microscope ) .
Microorganisms ( According to the Orthographic Agreement of 1990 : micro -organisms ) are organisms or microbes including viruses , bacteria , protozoa , unicellular algae , fungi ( yeasts unicellular like other multicellular fungi ) and mites . It is good to remember that microscopic beings are not necessarily unicellular beings , one example is the mites themselves . This designation has no taxonomic value , since it encompasses organisms of different kingdoms , but is used in science and technology ( as in the manufacture of fermented foods ) . The details of this matter is appropriate in the discipline that studies microorganisms , microbiology . Many microorganisms are pathogens , but many are beneficial for other species , living as symbionts , or the environment, such as bacteria that decompose organic matter in the biogeochemical cycle . Microorganisms can be found in all habitats , from the bottom of the ocean , passing through the terrestrial soil , and even the atmosphere .
Infection.
Infection (according agreement with Spelling 1990 : infection or infection) is the colonization of a host organism by a foreign species . In an infection , the infecting organism seeks to utilize the host's resources to multiply ( with obvious damage to the host ) . The infecting organism , or pathogen interferes with the normal physiology of the host and can lead to different consequences. The host response is inflammation .
Types of infections .
I present the plank : Photo 1 : Infection caused by piercing . Photo 2 : A type of ringworm. Photo 3 : Vaginal Infection - chancroid . Photo 4 : Genital Herpes . Photo 5 : dental infection caused by a lack of oral hygiene . Photo 6 : Oral Herpes . Photo 7 : Infection caused by insect. Photo 8 : Oral Herpes . Photo 9 : Gangrene . Photo 10 : Vaginal infection . Photo 11 : Skin ulcer . Photo 12 : Leishmaniasis . We present didactically 13 types :
1. Infection air - microbial infection acquired through the air and infectious agents contained therein .
2 . * Infection critogênica - Iatrogeny . Infection gateway unknown.
3 . Direct infection - infection acquired by contact with a sick individual .
4 . Endogenous Infection - infection due to a microorganism existing in the body and who, for whatever reason , it becomes pathogenic.
5 . Infection exogenous ** - infection caused by organisms from outside ( exogenous infection is caused by adventitious microorganisms that were previously present in the host organism . When transmitting microorganisms from exogenous sources have hospitals , according to Oliveira three sources: the hospital environment as a whole ; its devices and equipment and health professionals ) .
6 . Focal infection - infection limited to a specific region of the body .
7 . Indirect infection - infection acquired through water , food or other infectious agents, and not from individual to individual .
8 . Nosocomial infection - infection acquired in hospital .
9 . Opportunistic infection or opportunistic - infection that arises by reduction of organic defenses .
10 . Puerperal infection - infection arising in women with weakened defenses and diminished soon after birth .
11 . Secondary infection - infection consecutive to another and caused by an organism of the same species .
12 . Infection Sepsis or septic - very severe infection in which there is widespread dissemination throughout the body microorgânicos infectious agents .
13 . Infection terminal - very serious infection that , as a rule , causes death .
Exogenous infection .
Academics Medicine recommend familiarize yourself with the protocols related information Sanitary Epidemiological Research Protocolary Poison Exogenous ( See ANNEX II - Data Research Exogenous poisoning ) .
Further comments .
CONCEPTS AND DEFINITIONS .
Antisepsis : the elimination of vegetative forms of pathogenic bacteria and much of the resident flora of the skin or mucosa , through the action of chemicals ( antiseptics ) .
Antiseptic : a substance or product which can stop or inhibit proliferation of pathogenic microorganisms , at room temperature in living tissue .
Asepsis : Method used to prevent a given medium is contaminated . When this medium is free of bacteria called aseptic environment .
Bacteria: vegetative form , when they are performing all their metabolic activities such as respiration, multiplication and absorption. The microorganisms in the oral cavity , are in a vegetative manner .
Cross contamination : when there is interposed in the cycles of contamination between one or more patients . The barriers against contamination , Bede means are necessary to prevent cross contamination within an office.
Antisepsis : is the removal of debris , impurities , dirt and microorganisms of transient flora and some of the resident flora deposited on the skin of the patient or the hands of the dental team through the mechanical action of detergent , soap or the use of chemicals ( anti - septic ) .
Decontamination : the objective function without the complete elimination of microorganisms due to the presence of organic matter held in instruments and surfaces .
Disinfection : is the elimination of pathogenic microorganisms in vegetative form of surgery and other clinical environments , it is usually done through chemicals ( disinfectants ) .
Fumigation : extermination or destruction of insects , rodents and other creatures , which can transmit infections to humans .
Disinfectants : substance or product capable of stopping or inhibiting the proliferation of pathogenic microorganisms in office environments and surfaces at room temperature .
Detergent : chemical substance or preparation that produces clean , has one or more properties : tensoatividade , solubilization , dispersion , emulsification and wetting .
Personal Protective Equipment ( PPE 'S ) are protective equipment used by professional support staff , patients and equipment in order to prevent contamination and accidents ( cap , mask, gown , gloves , goggles ... )
Spores : the spores are nothing but the most resistant microorganisms , being more difficult to be eliminated.
Sterilization : the destruction of microorganisms in vegetative and sporulating forms . Sterilization can be by physical (heat ) or chemical ( sterilizing solutions ) .
Sterilization : physical agent ( greenhouse autoclave ) or chemical ( 2% glutaraldehyde , formaldehyde 38 % ) able to destroy all forms of microorganisms , including sporulated .
Cross Infection : infection is caused by a microorganism tranmissão from one patient to another, usually by personnel or instrument contaminated environment .
Endogenous infection : is an infectious process resulting from the action of microorganisms existing in that region or tissue of a patient . Therapeutic measures that reduce the resistance of the individual facilitate the multiplication of bacteria inside , so it is very important , antisepsis presurgical .
Exogenous infection : is caused by foreign microorganisms patient . To prevent this infection can be very serious , instruments and other elements that are placed in the mouth of the patient must be sterile. It is important that barriers are placed to prevent contaminated instruments are sterile , not just because a particular instrument has been sterilized , it is important that in its handling up using it does not become contaminated . The exogenous infection of a break means aseptic chain , which is very serious, because , depending on the nature of the microorganisms involved exogenous infection may be fatal , as in the case of AIDS, Hepatitis B and C.
Critical procedure : any procedure where there is the presence of blood , pus or material contaminated by the loss of continuity .
Semicrítico procedure : the whole procedure in which there is the presence of organic secretions (saliva ) without loss of continuity of the fabric.
Procedure Non- critical : any procedure where there is no presence of blood , pus or other organic secretion (saliva ) . In dentistry there is this type of procedure .
Author's comments .
Call biology , such as the unicellular microorganism being formed by a single cell. Uni comes from unit : one unit, so the term single -celled means a cell. Viruses are not unicellular because viruses do not possess organelles within itself , a virus is just a closed capsule with genetic material inside , so it is not correct to consider viruses as unicellular being because it is not a cell ( V. 1 Iconography . Different arrangements of bacterial flagella ) .
Bacteria are unicellular cells are more primitive than are capsules but much higher than those capsules viruses, and are much more complex than viruses , organelles have different internal and some bacteria possess flagella to the outside of the cell wall , a bacterium can therefore be called a unicellular because the bacterial cell despite being very early , already have intracellular organelles , and extracellular up is then a cell.